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Aragonite

An orthorhombic mineral 4[CaCO3]; having acicular, pyramidal, tabular, reniform, columnar, or stalactitic habits; a precipitant formed from hot carbonated water in springs, cavities in basalt, or biologically in shells and pearls (mother of pearl)

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Ankerite

A trigonal mineral of the dolomite group, Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO3)2

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Aqua regia

A corrosive, noxious, yellow liquid made with nitric and hydrochloric acids, usually one part nitric acid and three parts hydrochloric acid. Used in efficiently dissolving and processing gold and platinum

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Andesite

A type of grey to black volcanic rock composed mostly of silica, plus iron and magnesium

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Appalachian orogeny

Late Paleozoic Era diastrophism with possible origin in Late Devonian Period, continuing until the end of the Permian Period. A mountain forming period for deposits in the Appalachian and Cordilleran geosynclines

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Aplite

Light-colored igneous rock characterized by fine-grained saccharoidal texture, ranging in composition from gabbro to granite, consisting of quartz, potassium feldspar, and high acid plagioclase

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Assay

A test performed on a mineral sample to determine its composition

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Ash

The inorganic byproduct of combustion