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Using determined heating and cooling points and times on a substance, material or alloy to achieve a desired increase in hardness or malleability

An orthorhombic mineral 4[CaCO3]; having acicular, pyramidal, tabular, reniform, columnar, or stalactitic habits; a precipitant formed from hot carbonated water in springs, cavities in basalt, or biologically in shells and pearls (mother of pearl)

A trigonal mineral of the dolomite group, Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO3)2

Having to do with water

A substance containing no water

A corrosive, noxious, yellow liquid made with nitric and hydrochloric acids, usually one part nitric acid and three parts hydrochloric acid. Used in efficiently dissolving and processing gold and platinum

A type of grey to black volcanic rock composed mostly of silica, plus iron and magnesium

Late Paleozoic Era diastrophism with possible origin in Late Devonian Period, continuing until the end of the Permian Period. A mountain forming period for deposits in the Appalachian and Cordilleran geosynclines

Light-colored igneous rock characterized by fine-grained saccharoidal texture, ranging in composition from gabbro to granite, consisting of quartz, potassium feldspar, and high acid plagioclase