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Impact crater

Cavities in the Earth’s surface, resultant of collisions between an asteroid or meteorite

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Igneous rocks

The simplest of the 3 main rock types which includes sedimentary and metamorphic, igneous rocks are formed immediately upon the cooling of molten material

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Inductively coupled plasma (atomic emission) spectroscopy. (ICP-AES)

A process that analysis concentration of minerals in a substance, by sending energy through plasma, suspended in a quartz tube to produce excited atoms in the analyzed substance which reflect radiation at a wavelength associated with a particular element and its concentration. See X-ray fluorescence (XRF)

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Induced polarization

A method of geophysical surveying utilizing electrical currents and conductivity readings to outline or pinpoint areas of mineralization

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Indicator

A geological or biological feature or other mineral that suggests the presence of a specific mineral within its environment

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Index fossil

A fossil used to determine the surrounding rock based on the likely time of its origin

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Inclusion

A fragment of other rock contained or enclosed within a host rock