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Schist

A metamorphic crystalline rock with grains occurring in roughly parallel arrangement

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Scoria

Bomb-sized pyroclastic fragments, >64 mm across, formed by aerial trajections of lava

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Sandstone

Sedimentary rock formed through the cementation of fine grained sand

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Salting

Fraudulently contaminating a mineral sample by artificially upgrading the sample to assure a more favourable result

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Salinity

A term used to describe the measurement of total salt content, NaCl, in water

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Safety

The preparation for mining to mitigate the possibility of danger, loss and injury

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Saddle

A ridge having two similar elevations on either side

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Seismology

The study of the origin and effect of earthquakes, and measurement thereof