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Amethyst

A variety of translucent to transparent purple to grey coloured quartz common as a semiprecious gemstone. The color results from with ferric iron substitution for silicon

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Ambient

The surrounding or encompassing and current state of an area

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Amber

The formation of usually fossilized amorphous hydrocarbons from ancient tree resins, having highly variable C:H:O ratios

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Amazonite

A bright green or blue green variety of microcline sometimes cut as semi precious stones and for ornamental use

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Aluminum

A light, silvery-white, ductile metal with high electrical conductivity and high resistance to oxidation. Symbol, Al

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Alteration

Physical and chemical changes in a rocks or mineral subsequent to initial formation, and to a lesser degree than metamorphosis

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Aqua regia

A corrosive, noxious, yellow liquid made with nitric and hydrochloric acids, usually one part nitric acid and three parts hydrochloric acid. Used in efficiently dissolving and processing gold and platinum

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Andesite

A type of grey to black volcanic rock composed mostly of silica, plus iron and magnesium