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Silica

A transparent, light mineral forming quartz when fused, Silicon dioxide, SiO2

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Smelter

A metal refinery utilizing heated crucibles as a primary means of refinement

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Sluice

A long rectangular box having raised walls along its length, and a series of raised or recessed riffles between its walls, used for the recovery of gold and heavy placer minerals

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Slate

A usually grayish, fine grained mineral substance composed of the metamorphosised compaction of any of clay, volcanic ash, and shale sediments

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Slash

The enlargement of an adit, mine opening or trench by excavating layers of side from its sidewalls

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Slag

The fused or partially fused concentrate of byproducts leftover from the smelting of metal

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Skarn

A metamorphic rock mass formed at the intersection of two large igneous masses

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Spelter

A merchantable, nearly pure refined zinc product